6 Treasures of Tunisia, From 'Star Wars' to Desert Oases

Tunisia is a country in North Africa, a region known as the Maghreb, that is similar in culture, history and religion to Morocco and its neighbor, Algeria. Tunisia is one of the most visited countries in Africa – it is a popular vacation destination for Libyans, Algerians, the French, Germans and the British. The country’s official language is Arabic, but the local Tunisian Arabic dialect,darija,, and French are also commonly used. The majority of Tunisians are Muslim, though a small Jewish community lives on Djerba, North Africa’s largest island.

The tiny country offers a variety of landscapes – beaches, mountains, the desert, woods and salt pans – that are sure to appeal to all types of travelers. The museums and ancient Roman ruins are sure to appeal to history buffs, and die-hard “Star Wars” fans will be interested to know that many scenes on the planet Tatooine were filmed in Tunisia. Be ready to enjoy dishes flavored with harissa, a spicy red pepper paste that has recently become popular in the U.S., along with plenty of seafood and Maghrebi staples such as couscous and syrupy doughnut-like bambalouni and zlebia.

Minerals from Atlas Mountain runoff give Chott el Djerid its pink hue. Vinzenz Mühlstein. Public Domain. CC0

1. Chott el Djerid

The fictional planet Tatooine from the “Star Wars” saga was named after Tataouine, a desert city in Tunisia. Although no scenes were filmed in the real Tataouine, many of the first “Star Wars” film’s scenes were filmed in cities all over Tunisia. One of the most notable scenes of Tatooine is of Luke Skywalker’s home, the exterior of which was filmed in Chott el Djerid, the Sahara’s largest salt pan. A chott, or salt lake, stays dry for the majority of the year but fills intermittently from infrequent rainfall and during the spring thaw when water runoff from the Atlas Mountains floods the basin. The dissolved minerals from the Atlas Mountains give Chott el Djerid its otherworldly cotton candy pink color.

Remains of the Lars Homestead on one of the “Star Wars” movie sets in Chott el Djerid. Stefan Krasowski. CC BY 2.0.

Ancient Berber underground homes in Matmata, Tunisia. Tanya Dedyukhina. CC BY 3.0.

2. Matmata

When “Star Wars: A New Hope” was released in 1977, Matmata, a small Berber village in southern Tunisia, became famous for its underground cavelike homes where some of the local residents still live.  (The Berber, or Amazigh, are an ethnic group native to Northwest Africa, particularly the Maghreb.) The interior of Luke Skywalker’s home was filmed in the courtyard of Hotel Sidi Idriss, an underground hotel in Matmata. The hotel is open year-round, and is a must-visit for any die-hard “Star Wars” fan. For those who are not “Star Wars” fans but still want to visit the cave dwellings, the Musée Berbère de Tamezret (about six miles from Matmata) is a great alternative option.

The dome of the Great Mosque of Kairouan houses the mihrab, or structure that points out the direction in which Muslims pray. Colin Hepburn. CC BY-SA 2.0.

3. Kairouan

Kairouan, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is considered by some to be the fourth holiest site in Islam, after Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem. The city, founded by the Umayyads in 670, is the most ancient Arab-Muslim center in the Maghreb. Kairouan began as a military camp, but soon became an important center for Islamic scholarship, religious sciences, and art. The city contains many mosques, but the most important is the Great Mosque of Kairouan, also known as the Great Mosque of Uqba. The mosque contains a courtyard and a prayer hall, as well as a 105-foot  minaret that bears resemblance to a Syrian bell tower or an ancient Roman lighthouse.

Another site that cannot be missed when visiting Kairouan are the Aghlabid Basins, a sophisticated feat of engineering and the largest hydraulic installation of the Middle Ages. Originally, there were 16 pools that provided water for Kairouan, but today only two reservoirs remain. Nearby, Kairouan’s souk has countless vendors who sell everything from snacks and jewelry to carpets and leather goods.

The Chebika oasis lies at the bottom of the Djebel el Negueb Mountains. Remi Jouan. CC BY-SA 3.0.

4. Chebika

Built on what was once a Roman military post, Chebika is a small village that sits right above a palm oasis at the foot of the Djebel el Negueb, which are part of the Atlas Mountains. At the top of the mountain, one can see the oasis, the village, and Chott el Gharsa, a salt lake that lies near the Algerian border (and served as a movie set for “Star Wars: The Phantom Menace” and “The English Patient”). Visitors can hike up the canyon to a small waterfall where they will be greeted by a beautiful view of bright green palm trees standing starkly against the mountainside.

Hôtel Bou Fares and storefront in Sidi Bou Said. Allain Muller. CC BY-SA 2.0.

5. Sidi Bou Said

Sidi Bou Said is known for its blue and white theme, common to other Mediterranean-region cities and towns. The beautiful cerulean doors, shutters, gates and decorative balconies against the whitewashed buildings mirror the bright sky and the Mediterranean Sea which lies below the cliffside town. Sidi Bou Said was established as a religious sanctuary in the 13th century by Abu Said al-Baji, after whom the town was named. The palace Ennejma Ezzahra, finished in 1921 by French painter and musicologist  Rodolphe d’Erlanger, is now a museum one can visit to see the beautiful architecture, view paintings by the baron, and see a treasure chest that was reportedly once owned by Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire. Within the palace is the Centre des Musiques Arabes et Méditerranéennes (Center for Arab and Mediterranean Music), which houses a collection of musical instruments and art, and acts as a concert venue.

Traditional blue door in Sidi Bou Said surrounded by purple bougainvillea. Benrais. CC BY-SA 3.0.

Korbous was frequented by the ancient Romans of Carthage as a health resort. Patrick Giraud. CC BY 3.0.

6. Korbous

If you enjoy spas and natural hot springs, head for Korbous – a single street clinging to a cliff face on the west coast of Cap Bon. The mineral-rich hot springs of Korbous have been a popular spa and health resort since the time of the ancient Romans of Carthage, as evidenced by an inscription on display in the National Bardo Museum in Tunis. Korbous was not a popular spa destination until the 19th century, when Ahmed Bey, the last Ottoman leader of Constantine, had the hammam, or Turkish bath, built. In addition to the hot springs, mud from Aïn Kanassira, rich with minerals, is used to treat arthritis, various skin diseases and other health issues.

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Asiya Haouchine

Asiya is an Algerian-American writer who graduated from the University of Connecticut in May 2016, earning a BA in journalism and English. She was an editorial intern and contributing writer for Warscapes magazine and the online/blog editor for Long River Review. She is currently studying for her Master’s in Library and Information Science. @AsiyaHaou

7 Holiday Foods From Around the World — With Recipes

Spice up this holiday season by preparing one of these mouthwatering global cuisine dishes, recipes included!

Dongzhi (Winter Solstice) Festival Food, Tangyuan. Cats Coming. CC0.

Let’s face it: the holiday season can be stressful. Whether you’re preoccupied with finding the perfect gift for your mother-in-law or figuring out who is hosting your annual family holiday party, sometimes the warmth of this season of festivity gets lost. What won’t be stressful this year, however, is finding a new, unique recipe to try out. These seven holiday foods from around the world will keep everyone’s taste buds happy — even your in-laws! Whether your family prefers the coziness of a sweet treat or a savory dish that packs a punch, there is something on this list for everyone.

1. France — Buche de Noel

A Buche de Noel Cake with an intricate spiral. Mitantig. CC by 4.0.

Starting off strong with a chocolate lover’s dream, buche de Noel is a sugary confection that hails from France. Also known as a Yule Log, this confection is a rolled chocolate cake filled with rich cream. Both its shape and color are meant to resemble a—you guessed it—log. The dessert’s unconventional shape, however, is completely intentional. The history of the desert can be traced back to feudal taxes in medieval France, whereby peasants would bring logs to the homes of both feudal lords and their own families. Other accounts of the dessert’s history claim that families burned logs in their own home as a pagan rite to ensure a bountiful harvest for the coming year. In any case, Mon Petit Four provides a traditional recipe here.

2. Italy — Feast of the Seven Fishes

A seafood market in Genoa, Italy. Dade Rot. CC0.

A polar opposite of the sugary-sweet Buche de Noel Cake, Italy’s Feast of the Seven Fishes combines salty and savory flavors to create an elaborate selection of seafood dishes. On Christmas Eve, Italians and Italian-Americans gather around their kitchens and partake in this intergenerational tradition. Although the types of seafood dishes vary from family to family, the bonding and warmth that cooking this meal facilitates is universal. Whether plating more simple shellfish or an elaborate seafood pasta, however, the dishes hold a sense of significance. Both Italy’s long coastlines and large Roman Catholic population (many of whom either do not eat meat on Friday or on the eve of some holidays) have contributed to the beginnings of this tradition. A variety of seafood recipes featured in this iconic feast can be found here. 

3. India — Gulab Jamun

Gulab Jamun. Cabeza2000. CC by 4.0.

Although this dessert is eaten on a variety of celebratory occasions—including birthdays and marriages—it is also eaten during Hindu holidays such as Diwali. Although this year's Diwali has already passed, gulab jamun is still the perfect treat to make during the winter months. These sphere shaped sweets are made of deep fried flour and khoya (dried, thickened milk), and can be eaten both cold or hot. Often they are served swimming in a sugar mixture and have a semi-sticky consistency. This dessert is popular in India as well as Pakistan, Nepal and the Maldives. Moreover, the gulab jamun is similar to the Arabic dessert Luqmat-al-Qadi. A simple, yet thorough, recipe to make gulab jamun can be found here.

4. West Africa (Senegal) — Jollof Rice

Jollof Rice Served with Plantains. Bukky658. CC by 4.0.

Jollof Rice Served with Plantains. Bukky658. CC by 4.0.

Another versatile dish, jollof rice is eaten during a variety of occasions in many different countries. Although its origin is disputed, the dish is believed to have come from the Wolof people of Senegal in West Africa—the word jollof comes from the Wolof language and can be translated as “one pot.” Indeed, in this meal many vegetables, including bell peppers and tomatoes, are combined with rice and cooking oil in a pot. Jollof's orange tint comes from these vegetables as well as fragrant spices such as turmeric and paprika. During the holiday season, jollof rice is commonly served among families who celebrate Christmas or Kwanzaa. Moreover, the dish is common in many African countries, including (but not limited to) Nigeria and The Gambia. More detailed information about spices and vegetables to include can be found in this recipe here.

5. Mexico — Tamales

Tamales wrapped in corn husks. Richard Elzey. CC by 2.0.

Cooking tamales isn’t simply about creating food; it also involves forging a sense of togetherness. Many Mexican and Mexican-American families come together every December to make this corn-based dish. Tamales can be traced back to Indigenous people in Mesoamerica, who offered bundles of corn as sacrifices to the gods. Today, families make tamales throughout the month of December leading up to Christmas. Tamales can be stuffed with a variety of meats, such as chicken or beef, as well as vegetarian-friendly beans and cheese. Traditionally, tamales are wrapped and cooked in corn husks or banana leaves, but these wrappings are not eaten. An authentic pork tamale recipe can be found here.

6. Australia — Grilled Prawns

Prawns with a lime garnish. Rasheed Rasheed. CC by 4.0.

In some places around the world, the holiday months trade in snowflakes for seasides and warm temperatures. Down under in Australia, seafood fills festive dinner menus because many winter holidays for those living in the Northern Hemisphere fall during the Southern Hemisphere's summer months. To stay cool, Australians will grill prawns outside rather than using their ovens to cook a traditional, elaborate holiday meal. In fact, during the month of December Australians consume 40% of their yearly prawn intake. Most families like to keep it simple and dress their prawns in garlic, lemon juice or olive oil to keep their feast refreshing and light during sweltering heat. A delicious, garlicky prawn recipe can be found here.

7. China — Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls)

Tangyuan served  in syrup. Wu Xiao. CC0.

The Dongzhi, or Chinese Winter Solstice Festival, would not be complete with Tangyuan. These glutinous rice balls are often filled with sesame paste, and have a nutty and semi-sweet flavor. This food has been eaten for at least over 1,000 years, although its origin is disputed; one possible account is that Tangyuan was either created or popularized during the Song dynasty. And, to keep warm during the solstice, the rice balls are always served warm. Their texture is similar to and yet less dense than mochi. A simple, quick recipe can be found here.

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Carina Cole

Carina is a Media Studies student with a Correlate in Creative Writing at Vassar College. She is an avid journalist and occasional flash fiction writer. Her passion for writing overlaps with environmentalism, feminism, social justice, and a desire to travel beyond the United States. When she’s not writing, you can find her meticulously curating playlists or picking up a paintbrush. 

Wander Women: 6 of the Safest Destinations for Solo Female Travelers

Around the world, solo trips are becoming increasingly popular. Here are some of the safest places for women to explore on their own. 

Woman sightseeing alone. Ibrahim . CC-BY-2.0.

Solo travel offers opportunities for both self-discovery and world discovery, an enriching experience that satiates an inner wanderlust just as much as it does an outer one. However, given the high rates of gendered violence around the world, there are certain things that women have to take into heavier consideration — such as a destination’s night-walking safety and rates of sexual assault and abduction — before booking a solo trip. Based on their low crime rates and the unique, worthwhile adventures they have to offer, the places on this list highlight some of the safest destinations for solo female travelers.

1. Bali, Indonesia

Nusa Penida. Aaron Rentfrew. CC-BY-4.0.

Featuring thousands of temples and miles of beaches and forests, Bali offers the solo wanderer countless opportunities to reconnect with nature. Active adventurers can hike alongside numerous natural wonders across the island, sighting waterfalls at the Beji Guwang Hidden Canyon and monkeys at the Ubud Monkey Forest. If you’re drawn to Bali’s aquamarine coastlines instead, scenic beaches like the Tanah Lot and Nusa Penida are renowned swimming and snorkeling spots. There are also opportunities to tour some of the island’s many temples, including Pura Lempuyang and Gunang Kawi, and to take cooking classes on the Tegalalang rice fields. Bali is a popular destination among solo female travelers, especially after it was featured in Elizabeth Gilman’s best-selling memoir “Eat, Pray, Love.” Indeed, solo female travelers attest that Bali is safe for women, citing its low levels of street harassment and high flow of other tourists. It’s also common for solo female travelers to socialize and explore Bali in groups. Bali also has well-developed infrastructure and a ride-sharing app network that’s both popular and reliable, which makes navigating the island generally safe and manageable. 

2. Iceland

Gullfoss Waterfall. Patano. CC-BY-3.0. 

Iceland has emerged as an increasingly popular travel destination in recent years and for good reason. Travelers have flocked to Iceland to glimpse puffins amidst the fjords, soak in the country’s blue lagoons and tour its volcanoes (which, while more active than usual as of late, are still safe to visit). As for getting to these sites, “the Icelandic Road system is extensive and easy to navigate,” the official Visit Iceland website boasts. A car can get you almost anywhere, and the country’s drivability is a key part of its safety.  For solo women, renting a car and driving yourself minimizes the risk of abduction and taxi scams while increasing traveler independence and flexibility. Many tourists say renting a car is the best way to explore Iceland because it enables travel along the Ring Road, an 800-mile scenic route that circles the country and connects its most popular attractions (including Thingvellir National Park, the Geysir geothermal area and Gullfoss waterfall). The Ring Road, specifically, is safe for solo travel because the roads are well-maintained and well-populated with other travelers. In general, Iceland is one of the safest countries in the world. It’s recommended that travelers visit during the summer when daylight lasts longer and the roads are less icy.

3. Chiang Mai, Thailand

Downtown Chiang Mai. Uwe Arenas. CC-BY-4.0.

Thailand is a notably affordable travel destination due to the country’s low labor costs, making it a popular destination of choice for solo travelers. Within Chiang Mai — the largest city in northern Thailand — visitors can see countless sights, including waterfalls and pagodas. Temples like Wat Phan Tao have low admission prices, as do nature excursions like Doi Inthanon National Park. If travelers want to indulge in Thailand’s signature elephant tourism, they can do so ethically at Elephant Nature Park, an animal rescue and rehabilitation center. Thailand is generally safe, with a few exceptions due to civil unrest. But Chiang Mai, a tourist hub, is considered the safest city in Southeast Asia — especially within Chiang Mai’s walled core, the Old City. In fact, many say the most dangerous thing a traveler can do in Chiang Mai is simply cross the street. Driving in Chiang Mai can be chaotic, which is why ride-share apps (specifically a Southeast Asia-based one called Grab) are recommended. “Tuk tuk scams” — deceptively cheap taxi rides — can also be avoided with the use of a ride-share app. In general, it’s recommended that solo female travelers stick to the Old City, where the roads are safer for pedestrians and better-lit at night and visit from November to February to avoid poor air quality during Thailand’s “burning season.”   

4. Prague, Czech Republic

View of Prague from the Old Town Hall. Alexander Savin. CC-BY-4.0. 

Known as the City of a Hundred Spires, Prague brims with storybook scenery. Beyond the many towers dotting the Czech Republic’s capital city, tourists can also visit the Prague Botanical Garden and the Prague Zoo or even take a brewery tour. If travelers want to take in the ornate architecture that Prague is famous for, Prague Castle, the Charles Bridge and the Old Town Square featuring the Prague astronomical clock are especially rich sites to experience the city’s baroque and gothic past. As a historic city, Prague is compact and walkable. However, that’s not to say that the city doesn’t also have modern amenities to offer, as Prague’s metro and tram are among some of the world’s safest and most reliable public transport systems. The city has plenty of safe hostels, street lighting and low levels of street harassment, making Prague especially safe for solo women. 

5. Antigua, Guatemala

Santa Catalina Arch. Chad Davis. CC-BY-2.0.

Although Guatemala as a whole may not be recommended for solo women travelers, the city of Antigua features a safe and vibrant environment. Antigua boasts numerous churches and archaeological ruins worth exploring, including the Cathedral de Santiago and the Santa Catalina Arch. Travelers also have the opportunity to shop for traditional artisan goods (such as custom boots), kayak at Lake Atitlan and even hike the Pacaya Volcano to roast marshmallows. Caffeine addicts will want to tour the De La Gente coffee farm to get a taste of Antigua’s famous coffee scene. Because it’s a travel hotspot, Antigua is safe compared to surrounding areas like Guatemala City. As such, it’s recommended that solo travelers stay within Antigua, which is walkable with well-lit cobblestone streets. However, if walking isn’t a sufficient mode of transportation, solo women are encouraged not to take the traditional “chicken buses” — eccentrically painted school buses — to get from place to place because their routes aren’t direct and can travel outside of Antigua. Rather, women should travel accompanied by a guide and use the reliable shuttle services offered by many hostels.

6. Taipei, Taiwan

Taipei skyline. Shengbo Wu. CC0.

Situated on the north side of the island, Taiwan’s capital city Taipei is a metropolitan hub of art, food and entertainment. Travelers can shop in the Xinyi District or take a trip to the top of Taipei 101 — once the tallest skyscraper in the world — for a panoramic view of the city. The National Palace Museum and the Presidential Palace, each displaying centuries-old artworks and artifacts, are also worth a visit for their valuable insights into the island’s storied history. Taipei is also famous for its night markets, where travelers can snack on traditional street foods like green onion pancakes and sweet rice cakes as they shop for trinkets beneath strings of red lanterns. The Shilin Market and the Raohe Street Market are particularly renowned. Taipei is very safe — violent crime against travelers is rare, and the streets are usually busy and well-lit. It is generally safe for women to get around solo, even at night. 

Overall, a destination can be considered safe for solo female travelers if it is walkable, well-developed in infrastructure well-lit at night and bustling with other like-minded travelers. Although they have to take these additional factors into greater consideration, it’s not impossible for women to also enjoy the benefits of solo travel without significant fear for their safety. But any solo adventurer, regardless of gender, should take normal precautions when traveling. It’s important to not act recklessly and to always use common sense, especially in a foreign environment; opportunistic crimes like pickpocketing and drink-spiking can happen anywhere and to anyone.

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Bella Liu

Bella is a student at UC Berkeley studying English, Media Studies and Journalism. When she’s not writing or working through the books on her nightstand, you can find her painting her nails red, taking digicam photos with her friends or yelling at the TV to make the Dodgers play better.

Unknown Specialties: 10 Little-Known Global Dishes

Uncovering some of the best lesser-known cultural foods from around the world.

Khachapuri served with nuts. Ekkatterrinna. CC BY-SA 4.0

From sushi to falafel to chicken tikka masala, most cultures are represented on the global food stage. But for every well-known cultural classic, hundreds of local delights have never quite made it out of their homeland. This list compiles ten of the best, most unique specialties that most of the world has yet to experience. Each dish will include links to recipes and can be made at home with relative ease.

1. Lahmacun

Turkey

A traditionally wrapped lahmacun. Garret Ziegler. CC BY-SA 4.0

Lahmacun is a traditional flatbread variety that incorporates minced meat (usually lamb or beef), tomatoes and red peppers, and a healthy amount of garlic and chili pepper. Despite being commonly referred to as “Turkish pizza”, lahmacun is never prepared with cheese.  Instead, the dish is often served rolled up around other vegetables like pickles or roast eggplant.

2. Kare-kare

The Philippines

A bowl of kare-kare. Maffeth.opiana. CC BY-SA 4.0

Kare-kare is a stew of thick peanut sauce. Typically made with oxtail and occasionally pigs’ or calves’ feet, kare-kare also features vegetables like eggplant and daikon.  Some varieties include seafood (like prawns and squid), while others are entirely vegetarian. This dish has been a part of Filipino culture for hundreds of years and is considered one of the island nation’s staple dishes.

3. Zeljanica

The Balkans

A tray of zeljanica. BiHVolim. CC BY-SA 4.0

Often referred to as “savory spinach pie,” zeljanica is a flaky pastry filled with chopped spinach, egg and white or feta cheese. This particular meal has several options for substitution; just about any white cheese (preferably salted) can be used for the filling, and a variety of pastries can be used to make the outer shell, including phyllo or horiatiko (both of which are specialties in their own right).

4. Pastitsio

Greece

A plate of pastitsio. Sam Bailey. CC BY-SA 4.0

While this dish is often referred to as “Greek lasagna,” it takes a few steps outside of the box that sets it apart from its Italian cousin. Pastitsio has evolved over the years, transforming from a phyllo-wrapped meat pasta to a layered dish. The bottom layer is composed of bucatini or similarly-shaped pasta, bound together with cheese or eggs. The second layer features ground beef or pork heavily seasoned with cinnamon and cloves, and the top is a mixture of bechamel and mornay sauce.

5. Cou Cou

Barbados

An example of Cou Cou. KINGBROBLOXZZZ. CC BY-SA 4.0

Cou-cou is widely regarded as the best example of Barbados’ national food: the flying fish. While cou-cou is actually a mixture of cornmeal and okra, it is typically served alongside steamed or fried flying fish. Today, this meal is traditionally served on Friday in Barbados and has spread to Antigua and the Virgin Islands.

6. Khachapuri

Georgia

A variety of khachapuri including egg yolk. Rorschach11. CC 2.0

There are many varieties of Georgia’s khachapuri, but the most common (and most popular) is Imeretian khachapuri. This variation is made with yeast dough and filled with salted white cheese. Other varieties incorporate egg yolks, potatoes and a variety of seasonings.

7. Nacatamales

Nicaragua

A finished nacatamal. MiguelRamirez77. CC BY-SA 4.0

Nacatamales were historically made by Nicarao hunters who would wrap and steam herbs, deer and turkey meat in corn husks. Rapidly evolving into a cultural staple after the Spanish conquest of Nicaragua, nacatamales have continued to change throughout the centuries. Today, the dish is commonly wrapped in banana leaf and tinfoil and steamed for up to five hours.

8. Nam Khao

Laos

A pre-wrapped nam khao. Takeaway. CC BY-SA 3.0

Nam khao is a common dish throughout Laos, appearing everywhere from street stalls and potlucks to high-brow restaurants. The meal’s main ingredients include fried rice balls, classic Vietnamese pork sausage, chopped peanuts and other seasonings. Nam khao is unique from traditional salads as ingredients are used to fill a singular lettuce leaf before being topped with chili peppers and herbs.

9. Lo Mai Gai

Southern China

A variety of lo mai gai made with abalone. Peachyeung316. CC BY-SA 4.0

A gluten-rich rice stuffed with chicken, sausage, mushrooms and scallions, the most unique aspect of this variation on the classic dim sum is the method of cooking. Before being steamed, lo mai gai is wrapped in dried lotus leaves — in areas where lotus is not available, banana and grape leaves are frequently substituted.

10. Jollof Rice

West Africa

A variety of jollof including vegetables. Segun Famisa. CC BY-SA 4.0

Last but certainly not least is the ever-changing meal known as jollof rice, or jollof for short. This dish has a general ingredient list, but just about every nation in West Africa has its own regional variety, which has led to friendly rivalries between different regions. Typically, jollof is made with long rice grains, incorporating tomatoes, chili peppers, and a variety of spices together into one pot. Variations of the dish can range from different spices to the inclusion of additional vegetables or cuts of meat.

Few of the dishes on this list are available outside of their home country. However, the ingredients for each dish are relatively easy to obtain, so international foodies can find all the materials they need to cook some of these specialties at home.

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Ryan Livingston

Ryan is a senior at The College of New Jersey, majoring in English and minoring in marketing. Since a young age, Ryan has been passionate about human rights and environmental action and uses his writing to educate wherever he can. He hopes to pursue a career in professional writing and spread his message even further.

The Northern Lights: The 6 Best Viewing Destinations

Exploring the top locations around the world for an unforgettable aurora experience.

Arctic scenery featuring the northern lights. Stein Egil Liland. CC0.

The aurora borealis, commonly known as the northern lights, is a captivating natural phenomenon many people aspire to witness. These lights occur when charged particles from solar wind clash with oxygen atoms and nitrogen molecules in Earth’s atmosphere. The collisions result in a transfer of energy released in flashes of light. 

Currently, the Arctic Circle is experiencing a solar maximum. Characterized by heightened and more frequent solar activity, a solar maximum occurs when the sun’s magnetic activity increases. This happens because of an increased flare-up of sunspots, which can cause solar flares and eruptions. Solar cycles typically average about 11 years, with the next solar maximum anticipated in 2035. 

The strongest activity period for the northern lights occurs between September and April, while the southern lights’ strongest activity falls between March and September. The combination of these time periods and the solar maximum is the reason people in both Michigan and Wales have been able to witness unexpected glimpses of the northern lights all year. Only two months into the 2024-2025 solar maximum, there is still plenty of time to explore one of the following six travel destinations. 

Tromsø, Norway

Travelers in a remote spot viewing the northern lights in Tromsø. Tobias Bjørkli. CC0.

Tromsø is Norway's largest northern city. Approximately 400K from the Arctic Circle, this tourism hub is often referred to as the “gateway to the arctic.” The city is located on the island of Tromsøya, lying in the Tromsøysundet strait. Although surrounded by fjords and mountains, arctic scenery is not the only thing Tromsø is famous for. When visiting, travelers can get a taste of Norway’s rich cultural life that values education and climate change activism. 

Throughout northern Tromsø, there are many northern lights tours available to the public. From $93 bus rides to thousand-dollar personalized tours, there are many different ways to experience this natural light show.

Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland

Vestrahorn Mountains at Vatnajökull National Park. Francisco Diez. CC-BY 1.0. 

Vatnajökull National Park is home to many glaciers, including the largest glacier in Iceland. Covering 8% of Iceland’s landmass, this glacier is up to 3,120 feet thick at its deepest point. The park’s many glaciers have created intriguing natural landscapes, such as blue ice caves that visitors can explore. Close to the country’s capital, Reykjavik, there are plenty of excursions available. The park offers tours that can be as simple as a day trip or as involved as a ten-day trek. Both give travelers the opportunity to hike throughout the national park, traverse the ice caves, visit the thermal baths and travel to hidden getaways to get the best view of the northern lights. There are also boat tours from Reyjkavick that travel around the South Coast. These trips offer distance from any light pollution, allowing for some of the best views of the northern lights.

Options for low-cost hotels include the Reykjavik Lights for $101 a night and the Center Hotels Plaza for $138 a night.

Laugarvatn, Iceland

Northern lights dazzling above a field in Laugarvatn. Marek Piwnicki. CC0.

Laugarvatn is near both Reyjkavick and Vatnajökull National Park, but location is where the similarities end. Laugarvatn is famous for its geothermal activity, hot springs and active, swimmable lake. The remarkable geothermal activity not only warms the lake but also supplies hot water to the town. Throughout the lake, natural hot springs create an exceptional swimming experience all year round. This geothermal feature contributes to the lake's rich biodiversity, making it a prime destination for both boating and fishing enthusiasts.

Due to the geothermal properties of the area, many of the northern lights experiences in Laugarvatn involve baths and hot springs. The Laugarvatn Fontana Spa is a world-class facility that provides access to the best therapeutic properties of the region and a back-country vantage point for viewing the northern lights. Prices at the Laugarvatn Hotel are around $118 per night. 

Rovaniemi, Finland

Green northern lights seen in Rovaniemi’s snowy landscape. Gu Bra. CC0.

Rovaniemi is another Arctic town, known for its natural beauty and winter activities. There is ample ice and snow architecture throughout the city, where winter activities such as snowmobiling, cross-country skiing and husky sledding flourish. Praised as the culinary capital of the north, Rovaniemi is also the hometown of Santa Claus. Before it gets dark, travelers can head to a Santa Claus village where they can meet Santa, write letters and see where Mr. Claus works. 

Rovaniemi is home to many unique tours that offer a new twist when viewing the aurora borealis. Float the Northern Lights is a tour where participants dip themselves into freezing water. This guided tour is completely safe, as participants wear protective suits while they float through an arctic lake. If swimming through frigid water doesn’t sound inviting, there are reindeer sleigh rides that offer a quiet and serene way to take in the arctic nature. During this guided tour, travelers are pulled by actual reindeer while hunting for aurora borealis. 

The most famous place to stay is the Aito Igloo and Spa Resort. While they have standard hotel rooms, they also offer intriguing options for rooms such as glass igloos and treehouses. These luxury rooms provide panoramic views of the nature surrounding you.

Fairbanks, Alaska, USA

Northern lights glistening above the Alaska Range Mountains. Noel Bauza. CC0.

Located in the auroral oval, Fairbanks is known for its consistent and reliable northern lights from August to April (an extra month of viewing compared to other places around the world). Uniquely situated within Alaska’s interior, Fairbanks provides access to the Arctic Circle via the remarkable views along the Dalton Highway. During the daytime, travelers can choose from several museums that exhibit the history of Alaska’s natural preserves, many of which host cultural programs about Native Alaskans. The Aurora Ice Museum has year-round displays that include more than 1,000 tons of ice and snow sculptures. 

Favorite tours in Fairbanks include flying adventures, ice fishing and hot springs. The Arctic Circle Aurora Fly and Drive Adventures takes travelers on an inspiring adventure into the northern lights via plane or countryside driving. For fishing fanatics, Rod’s Alaskan Guide Service is the perfect tour. With provided shanties at remote fishing spots, travelers can indulge in the best of both worlds as they look upon the sky while casting their lines. Fairbanks is also known for their Chena Hot Springs; a tour from Alaska Wildlife Guide offers visitors a dip in these springs while taking in the northern lights.

Yellowknife, Canada

 Tepee under the night sky. Rachel. CC0.

Yellowknife is built along the shores of the enormous Great Slave Lake. The city is relatively isolated and surrounded by rock, tundra and water. Yellowknife is an isolated town, and there is almost no light pollution, creating an outstanding view of the northern lights. The majority of the tours in this town revolve around hiking to reach the most remote spots. While travelers can indulge in multi-night wilderness stays, there are also shorter tours that involve driving to serene locations by minivan or snowmobile. 

Nearby places to stay include modern accommodations such as the Quality Inn and Suites for $165 a night or an opportunity to stay in a traditional tepee under the northern lights.

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Paige Geiser

Paige is currently pursuing a bachelor’s degree in English with a minor in Criminal Justice at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. She grew up in West Bloomfield, MI, and has been fortunate enough to travel all throughout the country. She is an active member of the university’s volleyball team and works as the sports reporter for The Racquet Press, UWL’s campus newspaper. Paige is dedicated to using her writing skills to amplify the voices of underrepresented individuals and aspires to foster connections with people globally.

Just Keep Swimming: 7 Exotic Snorkeling Sites

There are a million places to get a taste of the most beautiful underwater ecosystems on Earth—here are some of the most fascinating.

One of the best ways to see the sea. John Brooks. CC 0

There are few environments more captivating than the ocean. Featuring millions of species of life, hundreds of different biomes, and almost infinite ways to experience it, there’s nothing quite like the sea. With a mask, fins and little to no training, snorkeling is the perfect way to see it all.

Of all of the places to snorkel, some are simply unlike any other. This list documents seven of the most mind-blowing experiences you could have underwater and why you should definitely add them to your bucket list.

1. Jellyfish Lake, Palau

The 250-island nation of Palau is dotted with saltwater lakes linked together by a series of underground channels and tunnels. Only one of these lakes can be visited, fittingly named Jellyfish Lake, home to a dizzying number of moon and golden jellyfish. They float around aimlessly in the 1,500-foot lake, bumping and bouncing up against snorkelers like living ping-pong balls. These creatures have evolved in a much different way from their ocean-dwelling cousins— they pose no risk to snorkelers. Unlike most species, they are non-poisonous and have no stinging cells.

Jellyfish Lake provides visitors with the once-in-a-lifetime experience of swimming through an entire world of these unique and fascinating creatures. It is more than worthy of a spot on every ocean lover’s bucket list. Places to stay nearby include the Palau Pacific Resort, priced at around $250 a night. Cheaper options include the Hotel Piccada at $110 a night and LH Porto Rafael Altura Resort at $80 a night.

A diver in Jellyfish Lake in Palau. Aquaimages. CC SA 2.5

2. Silfra Fissure, Iceland

Created by an earthquake in 1789, the Silfra Fissure is a massive gap between the North American and Eurasian continental plates filled with glacier meltwater. Snorkelers and divers can simultaneously touch two continents while swimming through gorgeously clear waters, where visibility can reach a mindblowing 393 feet.

This unique ravine is almost totally devoid of fish. Instead, the rock walls are lined with vibrant green algae known as “troll hair.” Between these leafy green plants and the almost impossibly clear blue water, Silfra Fissure is one of the most incredibly colorful and exotic dive sites on Earth. Silfra Fissure’s water is extremely cold, sitting at a chilling 35-39 degrees Fahrenheit. To combat this temperature, snorkelers wear a drysuit, a full-body neoprene suit complete with gloves, boots and a hood.

Nearby places to stay include the Bru Country Estate at around $110 a night, as well as several rentable cottages at around $90 per night.

An underwater view at the Silfra Fissure. Josephyoon4. CC BY-SA 4.0

3. Mamanuca Islands, Fiji

Called the soft coral capital of the world, Fiji is an absolutely beautiful diving location. Its Mamanuca Islands are home to almost 400 unique species of coral, most of which are still alive despite the ravages of ocean acidification. Many of the islands themselves are also covered up by water when the tide comes in, combining the surface world and the sea in an incredible panorama. Snorkelers can visit these gorgeous reefs from any of the 13 inhabited islands, each lined with fantastic beaches and surrounded by crystal-clear water.

The island’s  amount of healthy and colorful coral can’t be found anywhere else in the world. As climate change worsens, there’s no guarantee it’ll be around forever. Mamanuca is definitely one for the bucket list. Local hotels include First Landing Beach Resort at around $119 a night and Bluewater Lodge at around $60 a night.

An aerial view of the Mamanuca Islands. American. CC BY-SA 3.0

4. Whitsunday Islands, Australia

The Whitsundays, as they are locally known, are a series of 74 islands off the coast of Queensland, Australia. The most fascinating part of snorkeling in the Whitsunday Islands snorkeling is the Stepping Stones, a unique series of flat rock cylinders jutting up from almost 80 feet underwater. Swarming with batfish, wrasses and a wide variety of eels, these rocky structures are absolutely covered in coral.

The Stepping Stones are unlike anything else in the world. Of all the beautiful diving locations on the colossal Great Barrier Reef, there are few quite as unique as this. Local hotels include the Mantra Club Croc at $106 a night and the Kipara Tropical Rainforest Retreat at around $105 a night.

The Whitsunday Islands. eyeintim. CC 2.0

5. Isla Mujeres, Mexico

The biggest shark on Earth and completely harmless to humans, the whale shark swims docilely around feeding on tiny animals filtered through their colossal mouths. There are very few places on Earth where one can swim with these gentle giants, and Isla Mujeres is the best place to do so. Tours of the island are regulated by the government, allowing only a limited number of snorkelers in the water in order to avoid disturbing the creatures.

Isla Mujeres also features the world’s largest underwater museum, with more than 500 sculptures scattered across the ocean floor . From spectral human figures to huge stone grenades and mines, the legendary MUSA Museum provides snorkelers with a once-in-a-lifetime experience that has not been replicated anywhere else on Earth.

Whale sharks are incredible creatures, and Isla Mujeres offers one of the only ways to see them in their natural habitat. Hotels in the area include Hotel La Joya Isla Mujeres at $99 a night and the Ixchel Beach Hotel at around $165 a night.

A whale shark off the coast of Isla Mujeres. MarAlliance2018. CC BY-SA 4.0

6. Crystal River, Florida

Offering another first-hand experience with marine life, the Crystal River in Florida is the only place in the U.S. where snorkelers can come face-to-face with the endangered manatee. Lucky visitors can swim through hundreds of the bulky mammals as they make their way towards warmer waters for the winter. Many of the animals even choose to remain in parts of the river year-round.

Manatees are one of the most protected aquatic species in the world given how endangered they have become. Tours must be booked in advance through organizations that hold special permits, and snorkelers are strictly forbidden from touching the manatees. However, these animals are as curious as they are goofy— there is every chance that they’ll wind up bumping into you themselves.

There aren’t many manatees left on Earth. Crystal River does its utmost to protect the population that returns to its warm springs every year, and is gracious enough to provide visitors with the chance to meet these amazing creatures. This is a can’t-miss experience for anyone who loves the sea. Local hotels include the Plantation Resort on Crystal River from $113 a night and the Port Hotel and Marina at $105 a night.

A herd of manatees in Crystal River. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Headquarters. CC 2.0

7. Baa Atoll, Maldives

Dubbed a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve, Baa Atoll is a nearly perfectly preserved reef. Famed for its unbelievably rich ecosystem, the atoll is home to manta rays, whale sharks and several other endangered species which remain safe and secure in this heavily protected environment.

Coral reefs—and the animals that make their homes there—have been hit hard by climate change. Fortunately, humanity has stepped up to protect what we still can. Baa Atoll is a spectacular example of how we can still save our world and is well worth a visit to inspire others to help where they can as well. Local hotels are around $200/night and up.

The spectacular reefs of Baa Atoll. Ahmed Abdul Rahman. CC BY-SA 4.0

Largely still unexplored, the ocean is an entirely different world from the one we live in. The sheer amount of environments, animals and experiences that can be found are unparalleled in variety and beauty. Thanks to snorkeling, you can see some of the most gorgeous sights on Earth up close. In a world that’s constantly turning up new and unbelievable discoveries, there’s no telling what you’ll find on any given snorkeling session, no matter where you are.

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Ryan Livingston

Ryan is a senior at The College of New Jersey, majoring in English and minoring in marketing. Since a young age, Ryan has been passionate about human rights and environmental action and uses his writing to educate wherever he can. He hopes to pursue a career in professional writing and spread his message even further.

Before Disney: 5 of the Most Elegant Castles in the World

Majestic castles have been a staple of medieval imagery for centuries. Here are some of the most fantastical to ever have been built.

Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany. Thomas Wolf. CC BY-SA 3.0

Throughout history, numerous cultures have dedicated abundant money and resources to building castles. From soaring towers on scenic cliffs to utilitarian structures, these majestic buildings mark an astonishing amount of land around the world.

But out of all of these castles, there are a few that stand out for their uniqueness — whether it be for their history, architecture, location or one-in-a-million beauty. This list highlights five of the most incredible castles in the world, all of which should be on every traveler’s bucket list.

1. Himeji Castle, Japan

The main structure of Himeji Castle. Gorgo. CC0

Also known as “White Heron Castle,” Himeji Castle is lauded as Japan’s best-preserved and most beautiful palace. Throughout history, wars, sieges and natural disasters have laid waste to almost every castle in Japan. Himeji is one of only twelve castles that have never been destroyed. Its immense, 80-building structure has remained completely intact since its construction in 1609. The main palace, a colossal wooden building of six stories, provides visitors with an incredible view of the sprawling grounds, a labyrinthine maze of winding paths and defensive barracks.

The city of Himeji, which lies at the foot of the castle, is also a popular spot for viewing Japan’s world-famous cherry blossoms. During Golden Week and the summer holiday, wait times to enter Himeji Castle can rise astronomically. Nonetheless, the view from the top is undoubtedly worth the wait during the seasons when these gorgeous trees are in full bloom.

2. Mont Saint-Michel, France

Mont Saint-Michel and its reflection in the bay. Lynx1211. CC BY-SA 4.0

Sitting atop an island in the middle of an idyllic bay, Mont Saint-Michel is a destination straight out of a fairy tale. The site was originally built as an abbey, constructed over several centuries with the funds of various French kings and dukes of Normandy. Over time, Mont Saint-Michel attracted monks from all across Europe and continues to remain a major Catholic pilgrimage site. The walls around the base of the island were added in an effort to keep the English out and provide reinforcement against centuries of conflict across the English Channel.

Today, the abbey is open to the public, with its gorgeous architecture and rich history on display. Visitors can explore the monks’ promenade, the refectory in which they took their meals and the glorious central church.

3. Peles Castle, Romania

A snapshot of Peles Castle. Marcin Szala. CC BY-SA 3.0

In 1872, the king of Romania purchased roughly two square miles to transform into a royal hunting ground. The next year, the king decided to construct what would become one of the world’s most beautiful castles. Situated in a fairy-tale mountain range, Peles Castle was initially used as a summer home for royalty but is now a museum open to the public.

Peles Castle has received many foreign dignitaries to Romania — including several US presidents — and has been featured in a handful of Hollywood movies. Many of the palace’s 170 rooms are dedicated to different cultures and art styles from over the centuries. Whether you’re interested in the architecture, the artistry or the celebrity guest list, Peles Castle is an unmissable sight that deserves a spot on the bucket list.

4. Prague Castle, Czech Republic

The massive Prague Castle. Diego Delso. CC BY-SA 4.0

By far the largest ancient castle in the world (a vast 18 square acres), Prague Castle is also one of the most popular tourist destinations in Prague. Construction on the site began back in 870 when the central Church of the Virgin Mary was built. In the 14th century, the grounds were expanded into a fully functional fortress, after which the castle was reconstructed several times. When the nation was divided into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Communist influence was driven out of the region, and the castle became both the seat of the Head of State and a public museum.

Although visitors can view the grounds on their own, guided tours are the best way to experience Prague Castle. After making a tour reservation well in advance, guests will be taken into the Royal Crypt, the Saint Wenceslas Chapel and a variety of other locations that are normally off-limits.

5. Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany

Neuschwanstein in the heart of the German winter. Diego Delso. CC BY-SA 4.0

Neuschwanstein Castle, situated just miles from the border between Germany and Austria, is perhaps one of Europe’s most scenic and beautiful castles. Literally translated to “New Swan Stone” in English, Neuschwanstein was initially built both as a summer home and as a tribute to Richard Wagner and his classic opera “Knight of the Swan.” Although the king who commissioned the castle would not live to see its completion, construction continued after his death, and Neuschwanstein became one of the most storied palaces on Earth.

The castle’s biggest claim to fame is its status as the primary inspiration behind Disneyland’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. Due to security reasons, Neuschwanstein can only be accessed through guided tours, and photography of the interior is strictly prohibited. However (speaking from experience), the magnificent beauty of this mountain palace is unforgettable, even without pictures to look back on.

Castles are some of the greatest architectural feats that humanity has ever designed. They retain a majesty and presence that no other architecture can claim, and their status as icons of an entire era of history is unrivaled. If you’ve ever wanted to explore the past or experience the wildest fancies of the royal ruling class, look no further than these incredible destinations.

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Ryan Livingston

Ryan is a senior at The College of New Jersey, majoring in English and minoring in marketing. Since a young age, Ryan has been passionate about human rights and environmental action and uses his writing to educate wherever he can. He hopes to pursue a career in professional writing and spread his message even further.

Autumn Around the World: The Best Fall Foliage

From hiking trails to botanical gardens, these five destinations exhibit the true beauty of autumn.

Fall foliage in New England. Anna Tuzel. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.

Though some may believe that autumn marks the end of vacation season, the changing temperature around the world creates stunning scenery worth visiting. From Japan to Scotland, the unique beauty of autumn is captured across various international landscapes, with a comfortable climate and seasonal activities creating the ultimate fall experience.

1. Kyoto, Japan

Tenryu-ji gardens during the autumn season. KimonBerlin. CC BY-SA 2.0.

Whether you are looking for a picture-perfect spot or a place to simply observe beautiful scenery, Kyoto, Japan may be your ideal destination. The fall scenery begins revealing itself in mid-October, peaking in mid-November and lasting until mid-December. There are a variety of areas to visit in Kyoto, including the Tenryu-ji Temple and Gardens. With peak foliage in late November to early December, the gardens’ ponds, pine trees and mountain views truly capture the most picturesque aspects of fall. When visiting the gardens, you can also tour the Tenryu-ji Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site regarded as the most valued temple in the Arashiyama district. 

2. New England, US

Stowe, Vermont. Andrew Ryder. CC BY-NC 2.0.

Comprised of six U.S. states—Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont and Maine— New England offers a variety of ways to celebrate the autumn season. For a nature hike, you can explore Maine’s Acadia National Park during peak foliage in mid-October. Located in Mount Mansfield, Stowe is considered Vermont’s “color capital,” with autumn colors peaking in late September to early October. For those who enjoy road trips,  driving down the Kancamagus Highway in New Hampshire could be your ideal fall expedition. New England also holds several fall festivals, such as the New Hampshire Fall Festival, Acadia’s Oktoberfest and the Deerfield Fair.  

3. Edinburgh, Scotland

Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh. dun_deagh. CC BY-SA 2.0.

For those who enjoy Halloween celebrations, Edinburgh is a great place to experience both the scenery and culture of autumn. Home to 112 parks, the city offers numerous areas in which one can admire the hues of fall, at its brightest between late September and early November. With a variety of walkways through golden trees and views of Edinburgh Castle, the Princes Street Gardens features one of the most scenic areas of Edinburgh. Close-by at Calton Hill, you can observe countryside scenery from the center of the city. Beyond its stunning foliage, Edinburgh also holds many Halloween events, such as the Scottish Storytelling Festival, the Edinburgh Horror Festival and the Samhuinn Fire Festival.

4. Québec City, Canada

Foliage in Québec City. G. Lamar Yancy. CC BY 2.0.

Don’t let the word “city” fool you, Québec City and its surrounding areas exhibit beautiful natural autumn hues, especially in September and October. For mountain views, visit Parc National de la Jacques-Cartier, which has over 62 miles of hiking trails. Mont-Sainte-Anne is also home to several hiking trails, featuring a chairlift to observe the scenic St. Lawrence River. For bird-watching, visit Marais du Nord to explore trails through marshes. Many urban parks in Québec City also capture the beauty of fall foliage, such as the Parc du Bois-de-Coulonge and Domaine de Maizerets.

5. Seoul, South Korea

Hiking trail in Seoul. Metrotrekker.com. CC BY-SA 4.0.

The emergence of foliage in Seoul is a gradual process, giving visitors many opportunities to enjoy the city’s beautiful scenery. However, in order to capture the full peak, it is recommended to visit between mid-October and mid-November. For autumn views and a look into the history of the Joseon Dynasty, visit the Hwadam Botanic Garden. For cable-car tours through the mountains, visit Naejangsan National Park, known for its vibrant red maple leaves. Animal-lovers may enjoy visiting Alpaca World, a farm in the Ginkgo Forest where visitors can interact with and feed alpacas. If you would like to partake in organized tours of these scenic areas, it is important to research the availability for your desired trip dates, as some sites, such as the Hwadam Botanic Garden, have limited tours.

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Alexandra Copeland

Alexandra Copeland is a student at The College of New Jersey studying psychology and journalism. She is a lover of coffee, dancing, and visiting new places. Being raised with her Greek culture has inspired her interest in cultural customs around the world. She is a passionate writer and hopes that her work will make an impact in the future.

6 Surf Hostels Around the World

These budget-friendly accommodations offer more than a bed—they provide a community connection that unites oceans. 

Main entrance of Playa Jaco, Costa Rica. Armando Olivo Martín del Campo. CC BY-SA 4.0 

Wake up to crashing waves, grab your board, and paddle out. Surf hostels are not just places to rest your head; they’re miniature global hubs where travelers, surf enthusiasts and adventure seekers converge. Whether you’re a solo backpacker or part of a group, surf hostels foster friendships and shared experiences such as communal dinners, bonfires on the beach, and impromptu jam sessions with fellow travelers.

Hostels often offer surfboard rentals and lessons, making it an easy way to pick up new skills. Each hostel has its unique flavor, influenced by its location and culture. From Bali’s laid-back vibes to Portugal’s rugged beauty, you’ll taste local cuisines, explore places through their waters and witness unforgettable sunrises and sunsets.

 1. 99 Surf Lodge - Popoyo, Nicaragua 

Surfing in Popoyo, Nicaragua. Dylan Wooters. CC BY-SA 2.0 

99 Surf Lodge in Popoyo, Nicaragua, is a sleek, low-slung modernist hotel that perfectly balances style and unpretentiousness. Situated right on the legendary surf beach of Popoyo, it offers a unique blend of comfort and adventure in a region that is hospitable yet not overdeveloped. Each room boasts an ocean view, allowing guests to check surf conditions from the comfort of their beds. The bungalows and suites, which can accommodate up to four guests, feature private verandas to enjoy the constant offshore breeze. Despite its design-hotel aesthetics, 99 Surf Lodge remains affordable, making it a great value destination. Surfing is the main attraction, but guests can enjoy various water activities and nearby mountain hikes. The hotel’s gym and the on-site restaurant, Taberna 99, provide additional amenities to fuel and rejuvenate guests. With yoga classes, retreats and two seasonal restaurants, including Mesquite, 99 Surf Lodge ensures a memorable stay. Whether surfing, dining or simply relaxing, this beachfront retreat perfectly blends modern comfort and natural beauty. 99 Surf Lodge is a higher-end surf hostel and rates start at $130 per night. 

2. San Sebastian Surf Camp (Stoke Travel) - San Sebastian, Spain

Scenic view from the comb of the wind ride to the Ondarreta beach. Laura Peña. CC BY-SA 3.0 

San Sebastian Surf CAMP, an all-inclusive surf house in the Spanish Basque Country, offers an exhilarating blend of surf, yoga, and vibrant nightlife. Since 2005, Stoke Travel’s Surf Camps have been the go-to destination for exploring San Sebastian and the Basque Country, providing an unbeatable combination of surfing and partying. Now located in a converted Basque farmhouse near Zarautz, the camp has only improved. The communal atmosphere is enhanced by staff who double as surf instructors and prepare all meals, ensuring a seamless experience. The basic package includes dorm accommodation in the scenic Pagoeta nature reserve, healthy homemade meals, daily pickups to Zarautz, introductory surf lessons, and daily yoga classes. Guests can also enjoy unlimited access to surf equipment, local activities, and an open bar for a small fee. With hearty home-cooked meals, welcoming vibes, and awesome parties, this surf camp promises an unforgettable experience. San Sebastian Surf CAMP offers a unique and immersive adventure in a stunning natural setting. There is a two-day minimum and rates start at $50 per night. Get in touch with San Sebastian Surf Camp (Stoke Travel) here. 

3. Hostel & Surf Camp 55 - Ericeira, Portugal

Surfing at Praia do Matadouro. Web Summit. CC BY 2.0 

Hostel & Surfcamp 55 in Ericeira, Portugal, is a fantastic destination for surfing beginners, embodying the slogan “When you feel the Ericeira 55 vibe you don’t want to leave…” Overlooking the ocean and located in the heart of Ericeira, this unique hostel offers a true surf and travel experience. It accommodates up to 22 guests in seven thematic rooms with sea views, providing a relaxed and colorful atmosphere. Guests can enjoy surf lessons, guiding and equipment on-site, as well as daily yoga retreats. The communal lounge area is perfect for socializing, and the shared kitchen allows guests to prepare their own meals or join themed dinners and wine tasting sessions. Located just a five-minute walk from the beach, Hostel 55 also offers free WiFi and various discounts on local activities, including bicycle and board rentals. With clean facilities, friendly staff, and a vibrant communal feel, Hostel & Surfcamp 55 ensures an unforgettable stay in the picturesque fishing village of Ericeira. The nightly rate is $40 and you can contact them here Hostel & Surf Camp 55.  

4. Farm Hostel - Canggu, Indonesia

Young surfers in Bali, Indonesia. Tiket2. CC BY 2.0 

The Farm Hostel in Canggu, Indonesia, offers an exceptional experience for travelers. With five different types of dorms, all air-conditioned and equipped with en-suite bathrooms, the hostel ensures maximum comfort and privacy. Each bed is larger than average, featuring curtains, a reading light, an international power outlet, and a large locker for personal belongings. Located just 1.2 miles from Batu Bolong Beach and Canggu Beach, The Farm Hostel provides accommodations with an outdoor swimming pool, free private parking, a garden and a shared lounge. Guests can enjoy free WiFi, a bar, and a restaurant serving international cuisine with vegetarian, dairy-free, and vegan options. The hostel also offers a paid airport shuttle service. 

Nestled at the end of a peaceful cul-de-sac surrounded by rice fields, banana trees, bamboo and a running stream, The Farm Hostel is a tranquil retreat. Despite its serene location, it is just minutes away from great surf spots, tasty food, vibrant nightlife, and excellent coffee. Since its opening in 2015, The Farm has grown from 22 beds to 118 beds, featuring nine mixed dorms and seven female dorms. With high-speed internet, a small breakfast included, two pools, multiple common areas and a central location in Canggu, The Farm Hostel is a must-stay destination in Bali and rates start at $36 per night. 

5. Rosemary Hostel - Florianópolis, Brazil

Praia Mole, Florianopolis, SC, Brasil. Papa Pic from Eldorado, Argentina. CC0

Rosemary Hostel in Florianopolis, Brazil, offers a unique and empowering experience for travelers. Located just a minute’s walk from Trilha Da Galheta and a short distance from Praia da Barra da Lagoa, this hostel provides an ideal setting for reconnecting with nature. With eight rooms featuring climate control, private balconies and mini fridges, guests can enjoy a comfortable and convenient stay. The hostel is well-connected to local attractions, including the Open Sea Turtle Museum and Barra da Lagoa Natural Pools. Guests can savor South American cuisine at the nearby Restaurante Maria & Maria or explore the vibrant Praia Barra da Lagoa district. Rosemary Hostel is designed to challenge both body and mind, offering exceptional accommodation, healthy meals and inspiring activities. Whether you’re looking to relax or embark on an adventure, Rosemary Hostel promises a memorable stay with its international family, the Dream Team. The Rosemary Hostel’s nightly rates begin at $33, and there are several different types of accommodation. 

6. ITH Beach Bungalow Surf Hostel - San Diego, CA, USA

Surfing in San Diego, California. Bengt Nyman. CC BY 2.0 

ITH Beach Bungalow Surf Hostel in San Diego offers an unparalleled experience right on the boardwalk overlooking the ocean in Pacific Beach. Known for its cozy beds, beachfront facilities, and friendly hosts passionate about showcasing local culture, this hostel invites guests to bring their beach clothes and flip-flops and immerse themselves in the surf lifestyle. The hostel emphasizes sustainable lodging, cultural contact and providing a unique hosted experience. Guests can enjoy oceanfront accommodations just 1.9 miles from Belmont Amusement Park, with amenities including BBQ facilities, a garden and a shared lounge. A daily free continental breakfast is provided, featuring bread, fruit, cereal, oatmeal and coffee. The hostel also offers a 24-hour front desk, indoor lounge with workstations and table tennis. With several room options, including female-only, coed dorms, and private rooms, all with ensuite bathrooms, ITH Beach Bungalow Surf Hostel ensures a comfortable stay. The large private outdoor deck is perfect for socializing, checking out the waves and soaking up the sunshine. Hosted social events, surfboard, wetsuit and bike rentals, as well as partnerships with top-rated wellness and yoga studios, make this hostel a legendary spot for travelers since the 1980s. Whether you’re surfing, relaxing or exploring, ITH Beach Bungalow Surf Hostel promises a social, friendly, and fun atmosphere with rates starting at $49 a night

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Julz Vargas

Julz is a student at Wellesley College studying Anthropology and Spanish. She grew up in Los Angeles, CA, and has studied all around the world in places such as Costa Rica, Greece, Iceland, and Spain. She is passionate about employing writing as a tool to explore human connection and diversity. Julz aspires to foster cross-cultural connections through community-based research, amplifying inclusive and diverse media about global cultures, foods, and people, to encourage individuals to engage more wholly with the world.

Hot Spots: 6 Volcanic Adventures Around the Globe

Volcanoes are spectacular natural phenomena, drawing millions of adventurers from far and wide hoping to catch a glimpse of their awesome power.

Lava flowing from a volcano in Iceland. Global Panorama. CC BY-SA 2.0

Volcanic destinations around the world have drawn visitors for centuries, and despite the risks, volcanic tourism has been on the rise since the COVID-19 pandemic. While destinations like Hawaii, Iceland and Italy often take center stage in discussions of volcanic tourism, there are many more incredible destinations around the world.

1. Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica

Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica. smilla4. CC BY-NC 2.0

The Arenal Volcano towers over the northern lowlands of Costa Rica, offering incredible sights and activities to travelers. Until 2010, the Arenal Volcano was a destination for thrill-seekers hoping to witness eruptions and lava flow, although it has since fallen into a resting phase. 

While the recent dormancy has been disappointing for visitors hoping to see lava, the Arenal Volcano continues to present engaging activities and spectacular views. While visiting the area, adventurers can hike, relax in the hot springs, and spend time along the numerous lakes and rivers.

2. Mount Batur, Indonesia

Mount Batur, Indonesia. _paVan_. CC BY 2.0

In Bali's Kintamani province stands Mount Batur, an active volcano renowned for hiking activities. In order to hike Mount Batur, travelers are strongly advised to hire a tour guide through the official Association Of Mount Batur Trekking Guides. The trip from the base to the summit can take one to two hours.

Sunrise is the most popular time to hike Mount Batur. As visitors gather on the summit to soak up the sunrise, vendors can be found using volcanic steam to boil eggs and cook noodles for hungry travelers. Along the road from Mount Batur to the Batur Caldera Lake, adventurers can visit the Ulun Danu Batur temple and several hot springs.

3. Mount Etna, Italy

Mount Etna, Italy. Naval S. CC BY-NC 2.0

As one of the world’s tallest and most active volcanoes and the tallest volcano in Europe, Mount Etna has long been a hot spot for travelers visiting Sicily. Mount Etna first erupted 570,000 years ago, making it a gem for geological historians and interested travelers alike.

Travelers can find guided tours that depart from several locations including Taormina, Catania and Messina. After arriving at Mount Etna, tours begin with a cable car ride that reaches almost ten thousand feet. From there, travelers can choose to proceed in a tour by car or on foot. For hikers, the recommended time to visit is March through September.

4. Piton de la Fournaise, Reunion Island, France 

Piton de la Fournaise, France. Flickr @BOENE75. CC BY-SA 2.0

Located on Reunion Island in the Indian Ocean, the Piton de la Fournaise is an iconic volcano and Reunion’s most popular attraction. Despite its status as an active volcano, the Piton de la Fournaise is open to everyone regardless of age and draws about 400,000 visitors every year.

Travelers can venture from the coast to the summit on foot or by car, and there are even lava tunnels open for exploration. During a three-and-a-half-hour tour of the lava tunnels, travelers can witness the halls and galleries created by a lava flow in 2004. To learn about the science and history of Piton de la Fournaise, travelers can also visit the Cite du Volcan Museum. 

5. Stromboli, Italy

Stromboli Village, Italy. Johannes Zielcke. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

One of seven volcanic islands in the Aeolian Archipelago north of Sicily, Stromboli is home to one of the most active volcanoes in the world. The volcano, which locals call Iddu, has left on-lookers in awe for thousands of years. Stromboli is full of breathtaking contrasts, from the white houses surrounded by black sand beaches to the lava against the night sky.

Travelers can take guided tours by boat or on foot. Booking a guided tour is essential considering Stromboli is very active and involves risk. Despite the active status of the volcano, hundreds of visitors are drawn to view the lava glow during sunset. 

6. Thrihnukagigur Volcano, Iceland 

Inside the Thrihnukagigur Volcano lava chamber. Miki Jourdan. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

At the Thrihnukagigur Volcano in Iceland, adventurous travelers can visit the only accessible lava chamber on the planet. Translated to “Three Peaks Crater”, Thrihnukagigur is a low-risk destination that has been dormant for over 4,000 years. The three peaks of Thrihnukagigur formed from three separate eruptions thousands of years ago. 

The crater of the Thrihnukagigur Volcano is so deep the Statue of Liberty could fit inside. The bottom of the crater dates back to 30 to 40 thousand years ago, approximately the beginning of modern humankind. Since the volcano went dormant, the lava chamber at the heart of the volcano emptied, allowing visitors to glimpse this rare geologic gem.

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Madison Paulus

Madison is a student at George Washington University studying international affairs, journalism, mass communication, and Arabic. Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Madison grew up in a creative, open-minded environment. With passions for human rights and social justice, Madison uses her writing skills to educate and advocate. In the future, Madison hopes to pursue a career in science communication or travel journalism.

Rainbow Destinations: 8 Cities That Shine During Pride

With an estimated one in 10 people around the world identifying as LGBTQIA+, there are many destinations for LGBTQIA+ community members and allies to celebrate Pride, from New York to Taipei.

Pride flag at Pride Parade. William Murphy. CC BY-SA 2.0

The first official Pride parades in 1970 commemorated the first anniversary of the Stonewall Riots. On June 28, 1969, the New York City police raided an LGBTQIA+ safe space called the Stonewall Inn. Six days of protests, where thousands denounced the treatment of the LGBTQIA+ community, followed the raid. Since the first series of Pride parades sprung up across the United States in the 1970s, Pride celebrations have spread to every continent, including Antarctica. 

1. Berlin, Germany

Partygoers at a Pride Parade in Berlin, Germany. David J. CC BY 2.0

Sometimes referred to as ‘the capital of the rainbow’, Berlin is among the most popular LGBTQIA+ travel destinations and boasts many Pride events. During the Pride Weeks between June 28th and July 27th, 2024, Berlin will celebrate LGBTQIA+ Pride with Christopher Street Day and the Lesbian and Gay Street Festival, the largest LGBTQIA+ street festival in Europe. Drawing hundreds of thousands of people, Berlin’s Pride events are vibrant and full of music and performances.

The epicenter of Berlin’s Pride celebrations can be found around Nollendorfplatz Street in Schoneberg. Filled with memorials of LGBTQIA+ martyrs and icons, travelers can immerse in German LGBTQIA+ history. Beyond the Pride festivities, visitors can enjoy events and workshops at the Gay Museum, or explore nightlife in Berlin’s array of clubs and bars. 

2. Cape Town, South Africa

Pride Parade float in Cape Town, South Africa. richie rocket. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

As one of the most welcoming countries for LGBTQIA+ travelers in Africa, South Africa is home to a variety of Pride parades and events. At the end of South Africa’s summer, between February 27th and May 2nd, 2024, Cape Town’s Pride events offer travelers the opportunity to celebrate pride with many unique activities.

From drag brunches to the Pets for Pride Promenade Walk, travelers have many events to choose from beyond the parade itself. Following the Pride Parade on February 27th, 2024, the celebration continues with the Pride Mardi Gras, featuring performances from drag performers, musicians and DJs. 

3. London, UK

A participant in the London Pride Parade. Adrian Snood. CC BY-NC 2.0

Travelers can experience the UK’s biggest and most diverse Pride celebration in London. Since the first Pride Parade in London in 1972, London’s Pride has grown to be one of the largest Pride events in the world. London’s Pride features the Pride Festival along with the Pride in London Parade. 

Throughout June, explorers can experience everything from exhibitions to cabaret shows at the Pride Festival. On June 29th, 2024 at the Pride Parade, attendees can cheer for hundreds of LGBTQIA+ community groups, non-profits, and businesses as they make their way through the streets. 

4. Montevideo, Uruguay

Pride festivities in Montevideo, Uruguay. Montecruz Foto. CC BY-SA 2.0

Often rated as one of the most ‘gay-friendly’ cities in the world, the largest LGBTQIA+ Pride celebrations can be found in Montevideo, where tens of thousands flock to the annual events. Montevideo Pride began in the 1990s and will be celebrated on September 27th 2024.

LGBTQIA+-friendly activities in Montevideo span well beyond official Pride events. In Montevideo, travelers have many LGBTQIA+ destinations at their fingertips, including LGBTQIA+ bars and clubs like the Chains Pub and the Cain Dance Club. Curious explorers also have access to over 40 exhibitions and museums where they can delve further into the city's history and culture.

5. New York, U.S.A

Pride Parade in New York City. DVSROSS. CC BY 2.0

As the birthplace of Pride, New York City is an iconic destination to enjoy Pride festivities on June 30th, 2024. On this day, the streets are filled with rainbows as the Pride March and other Pride celebrations commence.

The Pride March is accompanied by PrideFest, a street fair where attendees can engage in games and other activities while supporting local business owners. At specialized events such as Bliss Days, which celebrates LGBTQIA+ women, participants can enjoy live music from DJs and dance performances. 

6. San Francisco, U.S.A

Decorations for Pride, San Francisco. Lindsey Rodgers. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Pride has been celebrated in San Francisco for 54 years. Since then, the entire month of June has become full of Pride celebrations and events. On June 1st, 2024, there will be the first Block Party during San Francisco Pride. During the Block Party, celebrants can enjoy meals from BIPOC-owned food trucks accompanied by local LGBTQIA+ entertainment and connect with local vendors and businesses. 

On June 7th, 2024 at the Pride Kickoff Party travelers can dive into Pride celebrations alongside live shows from drag to film. Those interested in human rights and international politics can learn from experts at the San Francisco Pride’s Human Rights Summit on June 27th, 2024. San Francisco's Pride month then comes to a close on June 30th with the Pride Parade.

7. Taipei, Taiwan

Pride Parade in Taipei, Taiwan. Ironypoisoning. CC BY-SA 2.0

Every year, between the 27th and the 29th of October, the Taiwan Rainbow Civil Action Organization organizes the largest LGBTQIA+ Pride in East Asia. Taipei is an ideal destination to embrace Pride in Taiwan, with nearly 200,000 people partaking in Taipei’s Pride in 2023.

A part of the Pride festivities is the Taipei Rainbow Festival, where people can support LGBTQIA+-friendly artists and local brands. Accompanying the booths, visitors can enjoy live musical performances by LGBTQIA+ performers and DJs. Besides the lively Pride celebrations, Taipei boasts natural and architectural wonders, from the Yangmingshan National Park to the Longshan Temple.

8. Sao Paulo, Brazil

A banner in the Sao Paulo, Brazil Pride Parade. Mídia NINJA. CC BY-NC 2.0

Between May 30th and June 2nd, Sao Paulo comes to life with Pride celebrations. Beginning with the metropolis's Diversity Cultural Fair and ending with its Pride Parade, the Pride weekend is full of alluring activities for travelers and locals alike.

With nearly 20 floats carrying dozens of performing artists and electronic music filling Paulista Avenue, Sao Paulo’s Pride Parade draws visitors from around the world. During the city's 27th Pride celebration in 2023, over three million people took to the streets for its Pride Parade.

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Madison Paulus

Madison is a student at George Washington University studying international affairs, journalism, mass communication, and Arabic. Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Madison grew up in a creative, open-minded environment. With passions for human rights and social justice, Madison uses her writing skills to educate and advocate. In the future, Madison hopes to pursue a career in science communication or travel journalism.

May Day Magic: How Different Countries Celebrate

Sixty-six countries around the world recognize May Day, and a variety of different celebrations and traditions can be found throughout Europe.

May Day bouquets. Alyss. CC BY-NC-SA 2.0

The roots of May Day are in the Gaelic Beltane Festival and Roman Floralia. In 1891, the first of May also became recognized as International Workers Day. Over the years, May Day festivities have maintained ancient traditions while evolving to include modern activities from picnics to music festivals.

England

Children performing the Maypole Dance. Pete Ashton. CC BY-NC 2.0

England boasts a long history of May Day celebrations. Traditional Maypole dances can still be seen throughout the country. These dances are often performed by children adorned with flowers who hold ribbons connected to the Maypole. 

The ribbons create a colorful design as the children dance around the maypole. Said to represent the increase of daylight between the winter and summer months, this tradition is around 600 years old.

Beyond witnessing this traditional dance, history enthusiasts can witness re-enactments of conflict between the Vikings and Saxons at Corfe Castle in Dorset. 

Finland

May Day picnic in Helsinki, Finland. Ninara. CC BY 2.0

Finnish May Day celebrations are called Vappu, and are celebrated on April 30th and May 1st. During the festivities, travelers can see streets and parks dotted with white hats; these hats are secondary-school graduation caps, which have become a staple of the Vappu celebration. 

During Vappu, Finland is incredibly lively, full of parties, picnics, parades and political speeches. These events are accompanied by several traditional delicacies, including Finnish May Day funnel cakes called Tippaleipa, Finnish donuts called Munkki, and a unique kind of mead called Sima.

France

Lily of the Valley. liz west. CC BY 2.0

In France, May Day is known to be a day of rest when nearly every business is closed in honor of Labour Day, although flower shops and stands are allowed an exception. This is because Lily of the Valley flowers, called Muguet in French, are a staple May Day tradition.

During the holidays, Lilies of the Valley are exchanged between family and friends as a symbol of good luck. During May Day, French streets are strewn with these flowers as this day marks the only time of the year when people are allowed to sell these flowers on the street without requiring a license or taxation.

Germany

Walpurgisnacht celebration, Germany. Michael Panse. CC BY-ND 2.0

On the eve of May Day, Germans celebrate Walpurgisnacht, a spring festival with a history rooted in witchcraft. This tradition has its origin in the belief that witches celebrate the coming of spring on the summit of Blocksberg Mountain. During Walpurgisnacht, festivalgoers can dance around bonfires and indulge in Maibowle, a punch made up of white and sparkling wines and wild woodruff. 

On May Day, parades featuring brass bands make their way through the streets, followed by maypole dances and public gatherings filled with bratwursts and beer. A festival for dark rock and arts has also been celebrated in Leipzig since 1992, drawing goths from around the world.

Greece

Wildflowers in Greece. Kevin Casper. CC0

May Day has been celebrated in Greece long before its association with Labour Day. Protomagia, the traditional Greek May Day celebration, has been a time for Greeks to celebrate rebirth and honor the dead for centuries. 

While traditions vary across regions, many feature lively singing, dancing and rituals. A few of these customs include women singing traditional May Day songs while dancing around bonfires. Children also leap over the bonfires to symbolize the end of winter and banish disease. 

Greenery and flowers have long symbolized vivacity and fertility. In preparation, people collect wildflowers from the countryside and create wreaths. These wreaths can be found on balconies and doors across the country, intended to ward off evil. These wreaths are then preserved and tossed into bonfires during the Feast Day of Aghios Ioannis Klidonas on June 24th.

Ireland

May Day flowers in Northern Ireland. Etrusia UK. CC BY-NC-SA 2.0

Traditionally, Ireland celebrated the Beltane Festival, including Maypoles and May Bushes, which were usually Hawthorn bushes decorated with ribbons and occasionally colored eggshells left over from Easter. 

Children in Dublin would wander the streets in search of money, candles or sweets by approaching people and saying “Long Life, a pretty wife, and a candle for the May Bush”.

While these traditions have largely died out, travelers can still find bonfires in counties like Clare and Limerick. Partygoers celebrate throughout the country, enjoying the holiday with family and friends.

Italy

May Day Concert, 2008. Gniliep. CC BY 2.0

For May Day, Italy hosts the largest free music event in Europe. The May Day Concert in Rome's Piazza San Giovanni in Laterano began in 1990 and has drawn thousands of people every year since. At this event, travelers can experience live music and street events.

Beyond the May Day Concert, Italians and visitors alike use the holiday as an opportunity to soak up the sun and indulge in Italy’s rich culture. Italy has many beaches, such as Salento, where people can celebrate the coming of spring along the water. People also flock to San Gimignano, home to incredible wine, architecture, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site at the city center.

Scotland

Performers at the Beltane Fire Festival, 2009. Martin Robertson. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Scotland is another destination where the Beltane Festival is celebrated. Since the 1980s, traditional Beltane celebrations have been revived with modern additions. 

One of the most prominent celebrations occurs on April 30th in Edinburgh. Every year, around 10,000 people from around the world are drawn to the Beltane Fire Festival. During the festival, a procession filled with drums travels through the streets, led by traditional May Day characters like the Green Man and the May Queen. 

Following the procession, there is a three-hour stage performance which is concluded by the lighting of a bonfire. At the festival, visitors have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the traditional performances and support local businesses

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Madison Paulus

Madison is a student at George Washington University studying international affairs, journalism, mass communication, and Arabic. Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Madison grew up in a creative, open-minded environment. With passions for human rights and social justice, Madison uses her writing skills to educate and advocate. In the future, Madison hopes to pursue a career in science communication or travel journalism.

8 Reasons to Visit Oman

Oman is truly a feast of the senses—a remarkable getaway for anyone seeking a fulfilling adventure.

The Grand Mosque in Muscat, Oman. Madison Paulus

After returning from study abroad in Oman, I have a newfound admiration for the country’s history, culture, views and activities. The vitality of Omani culture despite outside influence is admirable and I could see it reflected everywhere I went. From the very first day, I felt welcomed and immersed within the Omani lifestyle. This trip was an incredible experience, inspiring me to share eight reasons why you should experience Oman.

1. Rich History 

View of a mosque from the Nizwa Fort. Madison Paulus

Oman is the oldest independent nation in the region, brimming with about 1,000 well preserved historical sites. While civilization in Oman began around 100,000 years ago, many popular historical sites came about during Portuguese occupation between 1507 and 1650. 

In Muscat, the capital of Oman, explorers can find several forts. The Muttrah Fort, which the Portuguese built in 1507 can be found at the heart of Muscat's coast. Here, travelers can gaze upon 500-year-old lookouts. 

The Mutrah Fort serves as a vantage point for travelers as it is nearby several other must-see spots, including the Mutrah Market, Al Alam Palace and the National Museum of Oman. Many other castles and forts can be found strewn across Oman, including the Nizwa Fort and Jibreen Castle.

2. Fruitful Culture 

A man making pottery at the Jibreen Castle. Madison Paulus

Oman boasts an impressive blend of cultures. The Omani empire once ruled an area spanning from the east coast of Africa up to present-day Oman. Because of the vast territory and major role in trade, African, Arabian and Asian influences can be found embedded within Omani culture.

Home to more than 130 various types of traditional dances and music, Oman’s performance arts delight travelers and locals alike. Omanis are also expressive through their dress. Women can often be seen in vibrant clothing featuring intricate designs that are unique to each region. Men wearing dishdashas dot the streets, sometimes sporting traditional Khanjars (daggers) on special occasions.

Omani hospitality is another key feature of Omani culture. Omanis are known to be warm and welcoming to travelers, sure to offer friendly interactions and generous gifts for guests including coffee, dates and frankincense. For those searching for opportunities to immerse in Omani culture, there are many festivals open to travelers, including the Muscat Festival and the Salalah Festival.

3. Culinary Diversity 

A variety of spices at the Nizwa Market. Madison Paulus

As with the culture, Omani food features Arabian, Asian and African influences. Some renowned Omani dishes include Shuwa, Rukhal bread and Halwa. Shuwa is a unique dish saved for special occasions. Meticulously prepared, Shuwa consists of meat cooked in a clay oven underground for up to two days, giving way to a tender, spice-filled delicacy.

Rukhal bread is a delightful addition that can be found accompanying any meal. Traditionally cooked over flaming palm leaves, Rukhal bread is round and thin, often served with honey or date syrup in the morning or sprinkled across meat and rice dishes throughout the rest of the day. 

Halwa is a labor of love, often symbolic of Omani hospitality. A sticky, gelatinous treat, Halwa is usually made by combining water, ghee, corn flour, sugar and additional flavorings such as rose water or saffron in a large copper pot. Beyond the restaurants and markets, an ideal place where explorers can indulge in Omani cuisine is the Muscat Eat Food Festival.

4. Unique Commodities 

A display of Amouage perfume at the Mall of Oman. Madison Paulus

With an abundance of frankincense and other natural resources, Oman is home to many exceptional goods. Fragrances in particular are an Omani specialty, and Amouage is an exhibition of this expertise. A popular Omani luxury fragrance brand, Amouage draws from Oman’s natural wonders to create enchanting scents, incorporating locally sourced rock roses, ambergris and frankincense. 

While the products aren't budget friendly for many people, travelers can tour the only Amouage factory in the world for free in Muscat, getting a behind-the-scenes look and while sampling their extravagant fragrances along the way. 

If perfumes aren’t your thing, the smell of burning frankincense and oud can be experienced all over the country. For those who wish to bring the essence of Oman home with them, these products, along with traditional burners, can be found easily at shops and markets.

5. Vibrant Art

Hand-woven baskets on display at the Nizwa Market. Madison Paulus

Many art forms have been intertwined with Omani culture for thousands of years. Pottery is a 5,000-year-old tradition in Oman that is still present across the country. Holding great historical value, pottery has been integral in the lives of Omanis for thousands of years. 

While pottery today is often decorative, its historical and cultural value has been maintained here. In the ancient Omani state of Bahla, explorers can buy pottery from local sculptures or even learn how to make their own at the Al Adawi factory. 

Other intriguing Omani handicrafts include basket weaving and silversmithing. Hand-woven baskets made of date palm or other natural fibers can be found in markets across the country, and travelers can witness the process in action at the Nizwa Fort. Silver goods like khanjar (daggers) and jewelry can also be found throughout Oman’s markets, symbolic of Omani heritage and good fortune.

6. Comfortable Climate 

A view of the landscape from atop the Nizwa Fort. Madison Paulus

Oman’s weather and climate vary significantly by region, easily accommodating travelers’ preferences. With the interior's dry deserts surrounded by southwest summer monsoons and hot, humid coastlines, Oman offers a warm getaway whether you like sun or rain.

Because of this variation, Oman is a year-round destination, with northern Oman attracting many during the months of October through April, and the South drawing explorers most during July, August, and September, according to a presentation by Zahara Tours.

7. Natural Wonders 

Camels sit in the sand outside the Arabian Oryx Camp. Madison Paulus

Oman’s ecosystems feature a huge diversity of plants and animals, from rock roses and apricots to turtles and camels. With 20 official nature reserves, travelers are offered a wide array of destinations to appreciate Oman’s natural beauty from the mountains to the sea.

Some iconic destinations for explorers to witness nature at its finest include the Al Jinz Turtle Reserve and Daymaniyat Island, where you can swim with whale sharks as they migrate south every summer.

With several caves beneath the earth and many wonders like waterfalls and valleys above, Oman’s astonishing ecology is situated in equally breathtaking natural landscapes. 

8. Adventurous Activities 

A Dhow boat sailing in the Gulf of Oman. Madison Paulus

Travelers itching for activity have countless options in Oman. Hikers will feel right at home, with many trails at varying levels of difficulty found throughout the Hajar and Musandam mountains. 

Travelers can also explore the desert on camel-back or by riding on ATVs. The Arabian Oryx Camp is a perfect spot for either, in addition to offering Bedouin-style accommodations and authentic Arab cuisine.

For those who prefer to spend time in the water, Oman’s nearly 1,300 miles of coastline offers beaches where travelers can swim and snorkel through blue waters.

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Madison Paulus

Madison is a student at George Washington University studying international affairs, journalism, mass communication, and Arabic. Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Madison grew up in a creative, open-minded environment. With passions for human rights and social justice, Madison uses her writing skills to educate and advocate. In the future, Madison hopes to pursue a career in science communication or travel journalism.